Narrowleaf Hempnettle Galeopsis angustifolia
Narrowleaf Hempnettle is an introduced annual herb, found in the lower 48 states.
More about this plant
Galeopsis angustifolia, red hemp-nettle, is a annual plant that is native to western Europe and increasingly occurs as a casual in eastern Europe. Its wild habitat is in montane scree in the Alps and Pyrenees, or on coastal shingle, but it is widely established on waste ground, arable fields and gravelly substrates. It was much more common on farmland in the past, where it was sometimes confused with Galeopsis ladanum. Wikipedia →
Growing & care
USDA PLANTS · TRY- Hardiness
- ≥ zone 6 derived from its U.S. range
- Lifespan
- Annual
- Foliage
- Broadleaf
- Flower colour
- Purple AI AI image-analysis of community-science photos (~87% expert agreement) — not a botanical record
Wildlife & pollinators
How pollinator value is scored →❧ Caterpillar hosts ~2 caterpillar species
Galeopsis supports ~2 caterpillar species.
Native butterfly & moth caterpillars are the base of the terrestrial food web — most songbirds rear their young almost entirely on them. As a host for native Lepidoptera this is a modest genus for introduced plants — native genera typically support far more.
Recorded feeding on Galeopsis in North America, including:
✦ Bees 17 bee visitors
17 native & managed bee species are documented visiting Narrowleaf Hempnettle — the 12 most-recorded:
Related plants
More Galeopsis →
How we know this (2) Methods & honest limits
A recorded categorical fact: each species is tagged C3 (standard), C4 (heat/water-efficient) or CAM (succulent, night-time CO₂ uptake) — or a facultative combination. We only show a trait card for the noteworthy C4/CAM cases; C3 is the unremarkable majority, kept in the data but not surfaced as a card.
McKenzie et al. assigned each species a flower colour with a GPT-4V vision model over iNaturalist photos. We use the confident tier plus a separately-labelled lower-confidence top-up (mostly inconspicuous green/brown flowers), and render it as a small tint — never as an asserted fact, and kept out of the written synopsis.
Honest limits: AI image inference (~87% expert agreement on the confident tier); a decorative, confidence-tiered indicator, not a measured trait.
Sources for this entry (18) Open & cited
Cite this page Open data, please attribute
PlantKey’s data is open under CC BY-SA 4.0 — free to reuse and adapt, with attribution and the same licence. Photos keep their own per-image licence + credit (see Sources above).
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