PlantKey Open ecological atlas
Planner
Home / Browse / Hordeum / California Barley (subsp. californicum)
iNaturalist — CC, credited & licensed per image
Pictured: Hordeum brachyantherum — the species. This subspecies isn’t separately illustrated.
Poaceae family

California Barley (subsp. californicum) Hordeum brachyantherum subsp. californicum subspecies

Native
Deer-resistant — Low palatability to browsing deer. Usually passed over, but no plant is truly deer-proof when food is scarce.

California Barley (subsp. californicum) is a perennial grass native to the lower 48 states. It grows to 1.6 ft and blooms Apr in part shade – shade, with brown fruit.

More about this plant

Hordeum brachyantherum, known by the common name meadow barley, is a species of barley. It is native to western North America from Alaska to northern Mexico, coastal areas of easternmost Russia (Kamchatka), and a small area of coastal Newfoundland. Wikipedia →

Growing & care

USDA PLANTS · TRY
Conditions
Sources · Conditions
USDA PLANTS — Sun · Soil & moisture
USDA — SoilPH — Soil pH
USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503) — Fertility Requirement / Soil Adaptation — Fertility need · Adapts to
USDA — Temp-Min °F — Hardiness
Sun
Part shade – shade
Soil & moisture
Low moisture
Soil pH
5.8–8
Fertility need
Low
Adapts to
Coarse (sandy), Medium (loam), Fine (clay)
Hardiness
USDA zone 7+
Size & form
Sources · Size & form
USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503) — Height, Mature — Height
USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503) — Growth Rate / Spread / Growth Form / Lifespan / Active Growth Period / Seed Period — Spread · Growth rate · Growth form · Active growth
USDA PLANTS — Lifespan
USDA PLANTS — FoliageTexture — Foliage
USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503) — Fruit/Seed Color / Fruit Persistence — Fruit
Height
1.6 ft
Spread
None — clumping
Growth rate
Slow
Growth form
Bunch
Lifespan
Perennial · short-lived
Foliage
medium texture
Active growth
Spring
Fruit
Brown
In the garden
Sources · In the garden
USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503) — Propagation Method / Commercial Availability — Propagate by · In the trade
USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503) — Germination (cold stratification) — Seed starting
USDA PLANTS — Seed Period — Seeds ripen
USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503) — Foliage Texture / Browse Palatability / Resprout — Deer browsing · Resprouts if cut
Propagate by
Seed
Seed starting
No stratification needed
Seeds ripen
Spring – Summer seed-collection / harvest window
In the trade
Contract growing only
Deer browsing
Low often deer-resistant
Resprouts if cut
No
Herb layer — Sits in the herb of a layered food forest or polyculture.Open guide →
derived roles
The garden year bloom → fruit → fall colour
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
Bloom
Bloom (the flower's colour)
Bloom · Apr — USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503) — BloomPeriod
When to sow · for your area

Sow timing keys off your local last- and first-frost dates.

Species characteristics from USDA PLANTS (public domain) + TRY (CC BY) — general guidance, not a guarantee for your exact site. Deer "browsing" is documented palatability, not a deer-proof claim.

Wildlife & pollinators

How pollinator value is scored →
❧ Caterpillar hosts ~18 caterpillar species

Hordeum supports ~18 caterpillar species.

Native butterfly & moth caterpillars are the base of the terrestrial food web — most songbirds rear their young almost entirely on them. As a host for native Lepidoptera this is a moderate genus.

Recorded feeding on Hordeum in North America, including:

Agriphila straminella · snout moth Agrotis orthogonia · Pale Western Cutworm Apamea devastator · Glassy Cutworm Apamea finitima · owlet moth Autographa californica · Alfalfa Looper Moth Ephestia kuehniella · Mediterranean Flour Moth
+ 8 more species →
Euxoa auxiliaris · Army Cutworm Moth Euxoa ochrogaster · owlet moth Euxoa ridingsiana · owlet moth Faronta albilinea · owlet moth Faronta diffusa · owlet moth Fissicrambus mutabilis · Changeable Grass-Veneer Hemileuca oliviae · giant silk moth Hydraecia micacea · Rosy Rustic
Keystone count (genus-level) from Warren II 2026 (CC0) · Tallamy host-use records. Named species (a documented Nearctic sample, not exhaustive) from NHM HOSTS (CC0).
Species thumbnails re-hosted from iNaturalist — Creative Commons, credited per image (hover for credit). Click any species to see it on iNaturalist. Not exhaustive; many taxa have no openly-licensed photo yet.
Sources for this entry (24) Open & cited
[01] Scientific name & family — USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503)
[02] Growth habit & duration — USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503)
[03] Native status & distribution — USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503)
[04] Common name — USDA PLANTS (via GBIF)
[17] Invasive / introduced status — USDA PLANTS (DwCA, Zenodo 17903503) — native status
[18] Description — Wikipedia (CC BY-SA)
[19] Ecological value — Warren II 2026 (CC0) · Tallamy host-use counts
[20] Conservation rank — NatureServe Explorer (CC BY)
[22] Caterpillar host count — Warren II 2026 (Dryad, CC0) · Tallamy host-use counts
[23] Caterpillar species — NHM HOSTS (CC0)
Spot an error or have a better photo? Every field links to its source, and the whole dataset is open.
Cite this page Open data, please attribute

PlantKey’s data is open under CC BY-SA 4.0 — free to reuse and adapt, with attribution and the same licence. Photos keep their own per-image licence + credit (see Sources above).

Citation

Loading…

BibTeX 
Loading…